🅸 I – Intellectual Disability & Impulse-Control Disorders
Intellectual Disability (ID):
A condition involving significant limitations in:
- Intellectual functioning (reasoning, learning, problem-solving)
- Adaptive behaviour (daily life skills)
Impulse-Control Disorders:
Conditions where a person struggles to control urges or behaviours.
Example:
- Intermittent Explosive Disorder (sudden aggressive outbursts)
Impact:
- Difficulty with decision-making
- Social and behavioural challenges
🅺 K – Kleptomania
An impulse-control disorder involving repeated inability to resist stealing.
Key features:
- Stealing items not needed for value or use
- Rising tension before the act
- Relief or satisfaction afterward
🅻 L – Learning Disabilities & Learning Difficulties
Neurological conditions affecting how a person learns.
Examples:
- Dyslexia (reading)
- Dyspraxia (coordination)
- Dyscalculia (maths)
Key features:
- Processing difficulties
- Memory challenges
- Slow learning speed (not low intelligence)
🅼 M – Major Depressive Disorder, Meltdowns & Mobility Disorders
Major Depressive Disorder:
A long-term mood disorder causing persistent sadness and loss of interest.
Meltdowns/Shutdowns:
- Overload response (common in autism/ADHD)
- Emotional or sensory overwhelm
Mobility Disabilities:
- Conditions affecting movement (e.g. paralysis, muscle disorders)
Mood Disorders:
- Depression
- Bipolar disorder
🅽 N – Narcissistic Personality Disorder & Neurodevelopmental Disorders
Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD):
- Grandiosity
- Need for admiration
- Lack of empathy
Neurodevelopmental Disorders:
- Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)
- ADHD
- Intellectual disability
Neurocognitive Disorders:
- Dementia
- Brain decline conditions
🅾 O – Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
A disorder involving intrusive thoughts and repetitive behaviours.
Core features:
- Obsessions (unwanted thoughts)
- Compulsions (ritual behaviours)
Example:
- Excessive hand washing
- Re-checking locks repeatedly
🅿 P – Panic Disorder, PTSD & Psychosis
Panic Disorder:
- Sudden intense fear attacks
Phobias:
- Extreme fear of specific objects/situations
PTSD:
- Trauma-related flashbacks and anxiety after distressing events
Psychosis:
- Loss of contact with reality
- Hallucinations or delusions
Personality Disorders:
- Long-term patterns of behaviour affecting relationships
🆁 R – Reactive Attachment Disorder & Related Conditions
A childhood disorder where a child does not form healthy emotional bonds with caregivers.
Key features:
- Emotional withdrawal
- Difficulty trusting others
- Poor social attachment
🆂 S – Schizophrenia Spectrum, Self-Harm & Suicidality
Schizophrenia:
- Hallucinations
- Delusions
- Disorganised thinking
Schizoaffective Disorder:
- Combination of schizophrenia + mood disorder symptoms
Other conditions:
- Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
- Self-harm behaviours
- Substance use disorders
- Suicidality (urgent risk condition)
🆃 T – Tourette Syndrome, Trauma & TBI
Tourette Syndrome:
- Involuntary tics (movements or sounds)
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI):
- Brain damage from external force
Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders:
- Conditions linked to traumatic experiences (includes PTSD)
🆅 V – Vascular Dementia & Visual Impairment
Vascular Dementia:
- Brain decline due to reduced blood flow
Symptoms:
- Memory loss
- Confusion
- Thinking difficulties
Visual Impairments:
- Partial or full loss of vision
🆉 Z – Zero-Point / Overall Mental Health Category
A general classification covering all mental health and neurological conditions.
Includes:
- Mood disorders
- Anxiety disorders
- Neurodevelopmental conditions
- Personality disorders
- Cognitive disorders
🧠 OVERALL THEMES (J–Z SECTION)
Across these conditions, common patterns include:
- Emotional regulation difficulties
- Cognitive or learning differences
- Behavioural control challenges
- Neurological or brain-based differences
- Lifelong support needs in many cases
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