Chapter 13 – M

 

• Mental Health Disorders

  • Includes depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder

  • Support: therapy, counselling, medication, family support

• MS (Multiple Sclerosis)

  • Nervous system disease affecting brain and spinal cord

  • Can cause weakness, vision problems, and coordination issues

  • Support: medication, physiotherapy, occupational therapy

• Migraine

  • Severe headache often with nausea, light sensitivity

  • Support: medication, rest, lifestyle adjustments

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Chapter 14 – N

• Neurodevelopmental Disorders

  • Includes autism, ADHD, dyslexia

  • Can affect learning, behaviour, and social skills

  • Support: therapy, educational support, family support

• Neuropathy

  • Nerve damage causing pain, tingling, or numbness

  • Support: medical care, pain management, therapy

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Chapter 15 – O

• Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

  • Repetitive thoughts and behaviours

  • Support: therapy, medication, coping strategies

• Osteoporosis

  • Weak bones prone to fractures

  • Support: medication, diet, exercise

• OCD (Hoarding Disorder)

  • Difficulty discarding items

  • Support: therapy, practical strategies, support networks

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Chapter 16 – P

• Parkinson’s Disease

  • Movement disorder causing tremors, stiffness, and balance problems

  • Support: medication, physiotherapy, occupational therapy

• PTSD (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder)

  • Mental health condition after trauma

  • Support: therapy, counselling, medication

• Personality Disorders

  • Includes BPD, paranoid, antisocial

  • Affects emotions, behaviour, and relationships

  • Support: therapy, counselling, social support

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Chapter 17 – Q

• Quadriplegia

  • Paralysis of arms and legs

  • Support: medical care, physiotherapy, adaptive equipment

• Q Fever

  • Bacterial infection

  • Support: medical care, antibiotics

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Chapter 18 – R

• Rheumatoid Arthritis

  • Autoimmune joint disease

  • Causes pain, swelling, stiffness

  • Support: medication, physiotherapy, lifestyle adjustments

• Rett Syndrome

  • Rare genetic disorder affecting brain development

  • Can cause learning difficulties, movement issues, and communication problems

  • Support: therapy, medical care, educational support

• Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS)

  • Urge to move legs, often at night

  • Support: medication, lifestyle changes, stretching

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Chapter 19 – S

• Seizure Disorders / Epilepsy

  • Repeated seizures caused by unusual brain signals

  • Support: medication, safety planning, medical care

• Sensory Processing Disorder (SPD)

  • Difficulty processing senses

  • Support: therapy, sensory activities, environmental adjustments

• Schizophrenia

  • Thought and perception disorder

  • Can cause hallucinations, delusions, and difficulty thinking clearly

  • Support: therapy, medication, social support

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Chapter 20 – T

• Tourette’s Syndrome

  • Involuntary tics (movements or sounds)

  • Support: behavioural therapy, medication, school support

• Tics

  • Sudden, repeated movements or sounds

  • Can happen with Tourette’s, Lyme disease, or neurological issues

  • Support: medical care, therapy, relaxation strategies

• Turner Syndrome

  • Genetic condition affecting girls

  • Can affect growth, development, and fertility

  • Support: medical care, hormone therapy, educational support

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Chapter 21 – U

• Ulcerative Colitis

  • Inflammatory bowel disease

  • Causes abdominal pain, diarrhoea, fatigue

  • Support: medication, diet, medical care

• Uveitis

  • Eye inflammation

  • Support: medical care, medication

• Urological Conditions

  • Urinary tract problems

  • Support: medical care, therapy, lifestyle adjustments

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Chapter 22 – V

• Vision Impairment

  • Partial or total sight loss

  • Support: assistive tools, therapy, adaptations

• Vertigo

  • Feeling of spinning or dizziness

  • Support: medical care, balance therapy, lifestyle adjustments

• Vestibular Disorders

  • Problems with balance system

  • Support: therapy, exercises, medical care

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Chapter 23 – W

• Wernicke’s Encephalopathy

  • Brain disorder from vitamin B1 deficiency

  • Support: medical care, vitamin supplementation

• Williams Syndrome

  • Genetic developmental disorder

  • Can affect learning, social behaviour, and heart health

  • Support: therapy, educational support, medical care

What? – Key Questions

• What is a Learning Disability?

  • Harder to learn certain skills

  • Examples: dyslexia, dyscalculia, dyspraxia, dysgraphia

  • Support: extra help, therapy, assistive tools

• What is a Learning Difficulty?

  • Struggle with a specific skill but overall intelligence is unaffected

  • Examples: trouble reading, writing, maths, memory

  • Support: extra help, tutoring, visual aids

• What is a Mental Health Condition?

  • How we feel, think, and cope

  • Examples: anxiety, depression, ADHD, bipolar disorder

  • Support: counselling, medication, family support

• What is a Disability?

  • Affects body, senses, or brain

  • Examples: cerebral palsy, Down Syndrome, autism

  • Support: therapy, adaptations, medical care

• What are Special Needs?

  • Means extra help is needed for learning or daily life

  • Can be temporary or long-term

  • Support: teachers, carers, therapy, specialist support

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Chapter 24 – X

• Xeroderma Pigmentosum (XP)

  • Sun-sensitive skin disorder

  • Support: sun protection, medical care

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Chapter 25 – Y

• Yersiniosis

  • Bacterial infection from contaminated food

  • Support: medical care, antibiotics

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Chapter 26 – Z

• Zellweger Syndrome

  • Rare genetic disorder affecting brain, liver, and kidneys

  • Can cause developmental delays, weak muscles, and health problems

  • Support: medical care, therapy, specialist support

• Zika Virus

  • Virus spread by mosquitoes

  • Can cause fever, rash, joint pain, and birth complications

  • Support: medical care, mosquito protection, monitoring

• Zoophobia

  • Strong fear of animals

  • Can cause anxiety and avoidance behaviours

  • Support: therapy, gradual exposure, coping strategies