Answers

 

1. DSM-5 stands for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition.

2. Intellectual functioning and adaptive functioning.

3. Before the age of 18.

4. Conceptual, Social, and Practical domains.

5. Mild, Moderate, Severe, Profound.

6. Examples: Down Syndrome, Fragile X Syndrome, Williams Syndrome, Prader–Willi Syndrome, Apert Syndrome, PKU (Phenylketonuria).

7. Alcohol/drug exposure during pregnancy, infections like rubella, poor prenatal nutrition.

8. Lack of oxygen at birth, head injury, meningitis, neglect.

9. False – Autism is not always an Intellectual Disability, but can co-occur.

10. Delayed milestones (walking, talking), learning difficulties, trouble with problem-solving, difficulty understanding social rules.

11. Autism Spectrum Disorder, ADHD, Anxiety, Depression, Impulse Control Disorders.

12. False – they are lifelong, but support can improve quality of life.

13. Examples: Acting, art, sports, interpersonal warmth.