Wednesday, 23 July 2025

Treatment and support for people facing eating disorders and Obesity.

 


Key Takeaways

  • Integrated perspective: The editorial argues that public health strategies have often treated eating disorders and obesity as separate issues. The authors highlight the strong overlap, such as how dieting and body dissatisfaction—common in obesity—can also drive disordered eating Western Sydney UniversityMDPI.
  • Contents of the issue:

1.   Neuroscience of eating and weight regulation.

2.   Links between disordered eating and obesity risk.

3.   Holistic treatment approaches.

4.   Assessment methods in clinical/research settings Semantic Scholar+7MDPI+7Western Sydney University+7.

  • Examples from the issue:
    • Neuro studies show EEG patterns tied to impulsivity and binge eating at higher BMIs; novel mechanisms like NMUR2 (neuromedin U receptor 2) could open new treatment avenues MDPI.
    • Research links social factors—like family food quality, weight teasing, maternal body dissatisfaction—to higher obesity and disordered eating risk MDPI.
    • Emerging treatments include combining neural feedback with behavioral approaches for more effective weight and eating disorder management MDPI.

🔍 Why it matters

This editorial—and the special issue it frames—marks a shift toward recognizing a unified clinical and research approach. Rather than siloed views on obesity or eating disorders, it favors strategies that address shared psychological, biological, and social factors. This integration supports better prevention, diagnosis, and treatment outcomes.

This editorial highlights the need for a combined approach to eating disorders and obesity, recognizing shared risk factors like body dissatisfaction and dieting. It introduces 18 papers that explore neuroscience, prevention, assessment, and holistic treatment strategies, calling for integrated research and care models to address stigma and improve outcomes.

🔗 Read it here: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/5/1055

1. Neuromedin U Receptor 2 (NMUR2) & Binge-Type Eating

Smith et al. (2019) investigated how NMUR2—a brain receptor—affects binge-style eating in rats. They found:

  • NMUR2 in nucleus accumbens (NAc): Higher levels correlated with increased consumption of lower-fat, carb-rich foods.
  • NMUR2 in ventral tegmental area (VTA): Higher levels inversely correlated with intake of extremely high-fat foods.
  • Functional implication: Knocking down NMUR2 intensified binge eating of high-fat foods, suggesting NMUR2 serves as a modulatory “brake” on binge behavior mdpi.com+10pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov+10researchgate.net+10.

Why this matters: The NAc and VTA are central to food reward and motivation—key systems in both obesity and binge eating. This molecular insight suggests NMUR2-based interventions could target compulsive overeating across conditions.


🧠 2. Feedback-Based Treatments for Eating Disorders & Obesity

A systematic review included in the issue assessed brain and behavioral feedback therapies—such as neurofeedback and real-time fMRI—and found:

  • Enhanced emotion and impulse control: Patients gained better self-regulation capabilities, relevant for binge eating and weight control.
  • Transdiagnostic benefit: Techniques were effective across disorders—from bulimia to obesity—supporting a unified treatment model researchgate.net.

Why this matters: Rather than distinct protocols per diagnosis, these feedback tools could simultaneously improve cognitive-behavioral outcomes across a spectrum of disordered eating and weight issues.


🔗 Takeaway

  • Biological mechanisms (like NMUR2) offer targets that affect eating behaviors across obesity and disordered eating.
  • Neurobehavioral feedback therapies provide shared treatment pathways for self-control and emotional regulation.

3. Family Environment, Weight Stigma & Disordered Eating in Adolescents

Study by Puhl et al. (2019)

🔍 Focus:

This study explored how weight-related teasing by family members and parental attitudes toward body image affect adolescent mental health, body image, and eating behaviors.


📌 Key Findings:

  • Family-based teasing:
    • Teens who experienced weight teasing at home were more likely to:
      • Feel dissatisfied with their bodies
      • Engage in unhealthy weight control behaviors
      • Experience low self-esteem and symptoms of depression
  • Parental modeling of body dissatisfaction:
    • If mothers were critical of their own bodies, teens (especially girls) were more likely to develop negative body image.
    • Fathers' weight-based comments also significantly contributed to risk of disordered eating.
  • Weight stigma internalization:
    • When teens absorbed negative messages about weight from family, it increased shame and risk of binge eating, regardless of actual weight.

💡 Why it matters:

This study underscores that family environment is a powerful early risk factor. It shows how:

  • Obesity and disordered eating often share emotional origins in family-based stigma.
  • Prevention efforts must target families, not just individuals, by:
    • Reducing weight-based bullying and shame at home
    • Promoting positive body talk and modeling healthy self-esteem

💡 Why it matters:

This study provides evidence that early trauma can lead to long-term emotional and physiological patterns that increase risk for both obesity and disordered eating.

It reinforces the idea that:

·         Emotional eating is not just about willpower—it can be a learned coping mechanism from childhood.

·         Addressing trauma history is essential in any treatment of binge eating or chronic weight issues.

    •  

Implications for Care:

  • Therapies for obesity and eating disorders should include:
    • Trauma-informed care
    • Emotional regulation skills
    • Compassionate approaches that reduce shame and guilt around food

PowerPoint Title: Eating Disorders and Obesity: Shared Risks and Treatment Approaches


Slide 1: Introduction

  • Eating disorders and obesity are often treated separately.
  • But they share emotional, biological, and social risk factors.
  • This presentation summarizes key research from Nutrients (2019).

Slide 2: Common Risk Factors

  • Body dissatisfaction
  • Dieting and restriction
  • Emotional trauma and stress
  • Weight-based bullying or teasing

Slide 3: Brain & Biology: The NMUR2 Study

  • NMUR2 is a brain receptor affecting binge-style eating.
  • More NMUR2 in certain brain areas = less high-fat food consumption.
  • Targeting NMUR2 may help reduce binge eating.

Slide 4: Brain-Based Treatments

  • Neurofeedback and real-time brain imaging (fMRI)
  • Improve self-control, emotion regulation
  • Work across disorders (bulimia, binge eating, obesity)

Slide 5: Family Risk Factors

  • Parental teasing or body shaming increases risk.
  • Parents modeling poor body image = more teen dissatisfaction.
  • Internalizing stigma leads to low self-esteem and unhealthy behaviors.

Slide 6: Childhood Trauma Study

  • Emotional abuse/neglect linked to emotional eating.
  • Higher BMI and binge eating in those with early trauma.
  • Emotional eating often unconscious.

Slide 7: Why This Matters

  • Obesity and eating disorders have overlapping causes.
  • Need for trauma-informed, stigma-free support.
  • Family, school, and community education are key.

Slide 8: Recommendations

  • Avoid weight stigma in homes and schools.
  • Promote healthy emotional coping skills.
  • Use brain-based and emotional therapies.
  • Include families in treatment plans.

Slide 9: Conclusion

  • Shared understanding helps improve prevention and treatment.
  • Let’s support people with compassion, not blame.
  • Based on research from Nutrients, Special Issue 2019.

Slide 10: References

  • Smith et al., 2019 (NMUR2 study)
  • Puhl et al., 2019 (Family teasing study)
  • Imperatori et al., 2019 (Trauma & emotional eating)
  • Nutrients, Vol. 11, Issue 5, Special Issue: "Eating Disorders and Obesity"

 

 

 

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