Substance-Related and Addictive Disorders

 

A person is more than their addiction. Understanding, treatment, and support can help people move towards recovery.

Different Classes of Substances

Many different types of substances can lead to problems with use. These include:

• Caffeine

• Alcohol

• Tobacco and nicotine, including cigarettes and vapes

• Opioids

• Hallucinogens

• Inhalants

• Sedatives, hypnotics, and anxiolytic medications

• Stimulants

• Other substances

What Is a Substance Use Disorder?

A substance use disorder (SUD) is a medical condition in which a person continues to use a substance even when it is causing problems in their health, relationships, work, education, or daily life.

When assessing for a substance use disorder, mental health and medical professionals look for patterns such as:

• Trying to cut down or stop using the substance but being unable to do so.

• Experiencing strong cravings or urges to use the substance.

• Spending a lot of time obtaining, using, or recovering from the effects of the substance.

• Continuing to use the substance even when it causes physical or psychological problems.

• Continuing to use the substance even when it causes problems with family, friends, or other relationships.

• Having difficulties meeting responsibilities at home, work, or school.

• Developing tolerance, meaning more of the substance may be needed to achieve the same effect.

• Experiencing withdrawal symptoms when reducing or stopping use.

A diagnosis is based on a person's pattern of symptoms and how much the substance use affects their everyday life. Having a substance use disorder does not define the whole person. With appropriate treatment, support, and understanding, people can work towards recovery.