Saturday, 2 May 2026

📘 Chapter K10 – Module 2: Keloids

 


Keloids are firm, raised scars that grow beyond the original injury site due to an overproduction of collagen during healing.


🧠 What happens in the body?

  • The skin’s healing process becomes overactive
  • Too much collagen is produced
  • This causes a thick, raised scar that spreads past the original wound

⚠️ Causes and Risk Factors

🩹 Common triggers:

  • Acne
  • Piercings
  • Burns
  • Surgery
  • Cuts or skin injuries

👥 Higher risk in:

  • People aged 20–30
  • People of African, Asian, or Latin American descent
  • Individuals with a family history of keloids

🔍 Symptoms

  • Raised, shiny, rubbery scar
  • Color may be:
    • Pink
    • Red
    • Purple
    • Brown
  • Itching or tenderness
  • Sometimes pain or discomfort

👉 Unlike normal scars, keloids grow beyond the original wound and do not fade over time.


🔄 Keloids vs Other Scars

  • Keloids → grow beyond the wound
  • Hypertrophic scars → stay within the wound boundary

💊 Treatment Options

⚠️ Keloids can be difficult to treat and may return.

Common treatments include:

  • Corticosteroid injections
    → Reduce inflammation and shrink the scar
  • Silicone gel sheets or pads
    → Help flatten the scar
  • Surgical removal
    → Often combined with other treatments
  • Cryotherapy (freezing)
    → Destroys scar tissue using liquid nitrogen

⚠️ Prognosis

  • Non-cancerous (benign)
  • Not harmful to overall health
  • Can:
    • Affect appearance
    • Impact confidence
    • Limit movement if over joints

👉 High chance of recurrence after treatment


🛡️ Prevention

For people prone to keloids:

  • Avoid unnecessary skin trauma
    • Piercings
    • Tattoos
    • Elective surgery
  • Treat wounds carefully and early

🧠 Mental Health & Emotional Impact

Keloids can affect:

  • Self-esteem
  • Body image
  • Confidence (especially if visible)

Support and reassurance are important.


🚨 When to seek medical advice

  • If a scar becomes raised, painful, or growing
  • If it affects movement or daily life
  • If you are considering treatment options

📘 Easy Read Summary

  • Keloids are raised scars that grow too much
  • Caused by too much healing (collagen)
  • Can be itchy or painful
  • Not dangerous, but may affect confidence
  • Can come back after treatment

📝 Module 2 – Quick Learning Check

1. What causes keloids to form?
2. How are keloids different from normal scars?
3. Name one treatment for keloids.



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